ZAKAT AS A TRANSCENDENTAL AND SOCIAL INSTRUMENT: A THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ROLE OF ZAKAT IN REALIZING JUSTICE AND EQUALITY IN ISLAMIC SOCIETY

ZAKAT SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN TRANSENDENTAL DAN SOSIAL: KAJIAN TEOLOGIS ATAS PERAN ZAKAT DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN DAN KESETARAAN DALAM MASYARAKAT ISLAM

Abstract

Zakat is one of the main pillars of Islam that not only functions as a theo-logical obligation, but also has a significant social dimension in creating balance and justice in society. This research explores the concept of zakat from a theological perspective, focusing on two main dimensions: as a transcendental instrument that strengthens man's relationship with Allah (hablum minallah) and as a social mechanism that strengthens soli-darity and justice among fellow humans (hablum minannas). A qualitative approach is used in this research with the method of literature study, analysis of the interpretation of the Qur'anic verses on zakat, as well as interviews with zakat practitioners to understand its implementation and impact in society.The results show that zakat has a strategic role in real-izing social justice, reducing economic inequality, and empowering vul-nerable groups. From a theological perspective, zakat is not only seen as a religious obligation but also as a manifestation of universal Islamic val-ues that encourage the creation of social harmony. This research also highlights the relevance of zakat theology in addressing modern socio-economic challenges, such as structural poverty, global inequality, and radicalism, and offers a contextual approach to maximize the impact of zakat in the contemporary era. Zakat can be interpreted as a transforma-tive instrument that unites the spiritual and social dimensions, as well as a theological solution to build a more just and prosperous society.