IMPLEMENTATION OF SALE AND PURCHASE CONTRACTS IN ONLINE TRANSACTIONS: ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW REVIEW OF MSME PRACTICES IN THE DIGITAL ERA
IMPLEMENTASI AKAD JUAL BELI DALAM TRANSAKSI ONLINE: TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP PRAKTIK UMKM DI ERA DIGITAL
Keywords:
Islamic contracts, e-commerce, MSMEs, Shariah compliance, digital transactionsAbstract
This research examines the implementation of Islamic sale and purchase contracts (akad) in online transactions conducted by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia from an Islamic Economic Law perspective. Through a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews with 25 Muslim MSME owners engaging in e-commerce and analysis of their online transaction processes, the study reveals several key findings. Most MSMEs employ informal adaptations of traditional Islamic contracts, particularly murabahah (cost-plus financing) and salam (forward sale), though often without comprehensive understanding of their theoretical foundations. Common challenges include difficulties in achieving perfect contract disclosure, uncertainty in digital transactions, and balancing Sha-riah compliance with competitive market practices. The research identifies emerging models of Shariah-compliant e-commerce practices, including transparent pricing mechanisms, improved product descriptions, clear terms of sale, and innovative digital ijab-qabul (offer and acceptance) methods. The findings contribute to understanding how Islamic commer-cial principles are being adapted to digital environments and provide prac-tical recommendations for MSMEs seeking to align online business prac-tices with Islamic economic law while remaining competitive in the digital marketplace.
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